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Tracing the Multipotent P63/Keratin5 Basal Progenitor Cells of the Non-Sensory Epithelium of The Vomeronasal Organ of Rodents.

Noah M.LeFever1, 2, Raghu Ram Katreddi1, 2, Nikki M.Dolphin1, 2, Nick A.Mathias1, 2, P.E.Forni1, 2, 3.

1Department of Biolological Sciences, University at Albany State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA.2The RNA Institute, University at Albany State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA.3The Center for Neuroscience Research, University at Albany State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA

Abstract


The Vomeronasal organ (VNO) is a part of the accessory olfactory system, which detects pheromones, which are chemical signals that trigger a large spectrum of sexual and social behaviors. The vomeronasal epithelium (VNE) shares several features with the epithelium of the central olfactory epithelium (MOE). However, it is a distinct neuroepithelium populated by chemosensory neurons that differ from the olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in cellular structure, receptor expression, and connectivity. The VNO of rodents comprises a sensory epithelium and a thin non-sensory epithelium that morphologically resembles the respiratory epithelium. Sox2-positive cells have been previously identified as the stem cell population that gives rise to neuronal progenitors in MOE and VNE.  In addition, the MOE also comprises p63 positive horizontal basal cells (HBCs), a second pool of quiescent stem cells that become active in response to injury. The HBCs can give rise to neurons and support cells. Immunolabeling against the transcription factor p63, Keratin-5 (Krt5), Krt14, and Krt5Cre lineage tracing experiments highlighted that the NSE of rodents is, like the respiratory epithelium, a stratified epithelium where the p63/Krt5+ basal progenitors self-replicate and give rise to the apical columnar cells facing the lumen of the VNO. In addition, we found that the basal progenitors of the NSE proximal to the marginal zones give rise to the horizontal basal cells of the VNO. Our data suggest that the p63/Krt5 basal progenitors in the olfactory are multipotent cells able to give rise to multiple cell types in a context-dependent fashion. 

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