Presentation Details
| Genome-wide Association Study Meta-analysis of Dietary Intake in Two Cohorts Identifies Seven Novel Olfactory Receptor Associations Joanne Cole1, Maizy Brasher1, Franco Giulianini2, Daniel Chasman2. 1Department of Biomedical informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.2Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA |
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of food liking and intake have identified hundreds of genetic associations, including loci near several olfactory and taste receptor genes. These represent an important first step in understanding how smell and taste perception shape preferences, behavior, and health. To identify more novel associations between dietary intake and taste and olfactory receptor loci, we performed GWAS meta-analysis of 38 self-reported dietary intake traits (e.g., beef, bread, cheese, coffee, tea, vegetables, fruit, fish, and alcohol) in ~450K individuals in UK Biobank and ~23K females in Women’s Genome Health Study. GWAS were conducted in European ancestry and adjusted for age, sex (UK Biobank only), center/location, and ancestry via principal components. Association results were interrogated across 788 olfactory receptor genes, including pseudogenes, downloaded from The Human Olfactory Data Explorer and a manually curated set of 36 taste-related genes (including 27 taste receptors). Novel loci were defined as genome-wide significant (P<5x10-8) and independent (R2<0.10) from loci reported in the previous UK Biobank–only diet GWAS. We identified seven novel olfactory receptor loci associated with diet. Three loci, nearest OR52K1, OR52N4, OR1F1, were associated with raw and cooked vegetable intake. While OR1F1 odorants overlap plant-derived volatiles, little is known about the functional roles of OR52K1 and OR52N4. Additional associations were observed for beef intake (near OR6B3 and OR2V2), fish intake (near OR7E160P), and fruit intake (OR4S1). These findings extend prior diet GWAS associations to include novel olfactory receptor loci, highlighting promising targets for downstream functional characterization and assessment of their role in eating behavior.
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