Presentation Details
| Adhering to healthy plant-rich diets is associated with better olfactory function in the general population - Findings from the Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol (CHRIS) study Essi Hantikainen1, Roberto Melotti1, Martin Gögele1, Peter Pramstaller1, Christian Fuchsberger1, Johannes Frasnelli2, 3, 4. 1Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy.2Department of Anatomy, Universite du Quebec a Trois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.3Research Center, Sacre-Coeur Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada.4Research Center, Institut universitaire de Geriatrie de Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada |
Abstract
Olfactory dysfunction is associated with increased all-cause mortality among older adults and an early indicator of brain aging. Different lifestyle factors and health conditions determine olfactory function, however, there is limited knowledge on the association with diet quality. We investigated the association between various dietary patterns and olfactory function, as well as hyposmia, in a general population study using cross-sectional data from more than 6000 participants of the Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol (CHRIS) study. We assessed self-reported dietary intake through the GA2LEN semi-quantitative Food Frequency questionnaire, which was used to derive five established dietary pattern indices (Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010, Mediterranean diet index, Plant-based dietary index, Healthy Plant-based dietary index, Unhealthy plant-based dietary index), as well as various food groups. Olfactory function was measured through the Sniffin’Sticks odor identification test, which allowed us to determine hyposmia with a score >12/16. Multivariable ordinal and logistic regression models were fitted to investigate associations between each dietary pattern, food groups and olfaction. Higher adherence to all healthy dietary patterns was associated with both better olfactory function and lower rates of hyposmia, while the opposite was observed for the unhealthy plant-based diet. Specifically, higher consumption of fruits, vegetables, coffee and tea was beneficially associated with both outcomes. Higher adherence to healthy dietary patterns that are rich in plant-based foods was associated with better olfactory function and lower rates of hyposmia.
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No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the author.
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