Presentation Details
| Characterization of Olfactory Event-Related Potentials in Subjective Cognitive Decline Olivier Fortier-Lebel1, 2, 3, Sarah Brosse3, 4, Émilie Hudon1, 2, Benjamin Boller1, 3, Johannes Frasnelli2, 3, 4, . 1Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.2Research Centre of the Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.3Research Centre of the Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.4Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada |
Abstract
Olfactory loss is a recognized feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and is believed to be among its earliest indicators. However, the characterization of olfactory function in Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD), an early preclinical stage on the AD continuum, remains limited, with olfactory changes often subtle and difficult to detect using behavioral measures alone. Olfactory event-related potentials (OERPs) provide a well-controlled neurophysiological approach to assessing distinct components of olfactory processing that may be sensitive to changes not yet reflected in behavioral performance. The aim of this study was to characterize OERPs in individuals with SCD. A total of 95 participants aged 60 years and older were recruited, including 50 individuals with SCD (34 women) and 45 healthy controls (30 women). Brain activity was recorded using a 32-electrode EEG system while participants received two independent blocks of 40 chemosensory stimulations delivered by an olfactometer (Burghart OL023). Phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA) was used as the pure olfactory stimulus of interest, whereas carbon dioxide (CO2) served as non-olfactory (trigeminal) control stimulus. Early (N1) and late (P2/P3) OERP components were measured in terms of latency and amplitude. Mixed-design ANOVAs were conducted to compare groups across component measures and stimulus conditions. The SCD group showed longer latencies for late components (P2/P3) specifically in response to the odorous stimulation. No group differences were observed for N1 latency, nor were any differences found in the amplitudes of early or late components. These findings suggest that olfactory processing alterations may already be evident very early in the AD continuum. Such alterations are reflected in our study by delayed latencies at later processing stages
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